Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological sleep disorder that is causes excessive day time sleepiness (EDS), that tends to create hindrances in the lives of patients. In America, 1 out of every 2000 people is afflicted by this disorder, and there is no permanent cure available.
Narcolepsy is characterized and diagnosed through falling asleep during the day, most concerning being that patients can also doze off in the middle of activities or conversations. Hence narcolepsy can be particularly dangerous and in some cases life threatening if the person is driving or operating heavy machinery, since it is almost impossible to avoid nodding off.
Other symptoms of narcolepsy are cataplexy, sleep paralysis, automatic behavior and hallucinations.
Cataplexy occurs when a sudden loss of muscle control and is accompanied by feelings of weakness. This lack of control could be mild to severe depending on the muscle(s) targeted. It is usually triggered by an emotional feeling such as fear, happiness or grief etc.
Sleep paralysis is temporary paralysis of the body either while waking up or while attempting to sleep. This lapse of control can range from a few seconds to a few minutes. Automatic behavior is when a person carries on with normal activity but has no memory of the event, since the activities occurred during a sleep episode. People suffering from narcolepsy often have hallucinations that are negative and frightening in nature.
Cataplexy and automatic behavior are unique symptoms of narcolepsy, but sleep paralysis and hallucinations are not sufficient symptoms to diagnose narcolepsy since they are often associated with other forms of sleep disorders as well. The cause of narcolepsy is hidden behind a string of genetics and is caused in people who are deficient in a protein called Orexin A. An estimated 3 million people are affected by it globally, and it usually affects individuals between the age range of 15 and 25.
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